MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Mechanical engineering is the discipline that applies engineering, physics, engineering mathematics, and materials science principles to design, analyze, manufacture, and maintain mechanical systems. It is one of the oldest and broadest of the engineering disciplines.The mechanical engineering field requires an understanding of core areas including mechanics, dynamics, thermodynamics, materials science, structural analysis, and electricity. In addition to these core principles, mechanical engineers use tools such as computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), and product life cycle management to design and analyze manufacturing plants, industrial equipment and machinery, heating and cooling systems, transport systems, aircraft, watercraft, robotics, medical devices, weapons, and others. It is the branch of engineering that involves the design, production, and operation of machinery.[1][2]Mechanical engineering emerged as a field during the Industrial Revolution in Europe in the 18th century; however, its development can be traced back several thousand years around the world. In the 19th century, developments in physics led to the development of mechanical engineering science. The field has continually evolved to incorporate advancements; today mechanical engineers are pursuing developments in such areas as composites, mechatronics, and nanotechnology. It also overlaps with aerospace engineering, metallurgical engineering, civil engineering, electrical engineering, manufacturing engineering, chemical engineering, industrial engineering, and other engineering disciplines to varying amounts. Mechanical engineers may also work in the field of biomedical engineering, specifically with biomechanics, transport phenomena, biomechatronics, bionanotechnology, and modelling of biological systems.

机械工程是应用工程、物理、工程数学和材料科学原理来设计、分析、制造和维护机械系统的学科。它是最古老和最广泛的工程学科之一。机械工程领域需要了解核心领域，包括力学、动力学、热力学、材料科学、结构分析和电学。除了这些核心原则，机械工程师还使用计算机辅助设计(CAD)、计算机辅助制造(CAM)和产品生命周期管理等工具来设计和分析制造工厂、工业设备和机械、加热和冷却系统、运输系统、飞机、船舶、机器人、医疗设备、武器等。它是工程的一个分支，涉及机械的设计、生产和操作。机械工程是18世纪欧洲工业革命中出现的一个领域，但其发展可以追溯到几千年前的世界各地。19世纪，物理学的发展导致了机械工程科学的发展。该领域不断发展，不断融合先进技术；如今，机械工程师正在寻求复合材料、机电一体化和纳米技术等领域的发展。它还与航空航天工程、冶金工程、土木工程、电气工程、制造工程、化学工程、工业工程和其他工程学科有不同程度的重叠。机械工程师也可以在生物医学工程领域工作，特别是在生物力学、运输现象、生物统计学、生物纳米技术和生物系统建模方面。